Thursday, October 24, 2019
Should Higher Education Be Made Available to All
Education is a channel to understand the real world better and whether this education should be provided to the students by the universities should be free or not, is one of the most debated topics over last many decades. In the today's fast growing civilization this education has become everyone's necessity to survive. Everyone understands the value of education in their lives; hence they compete hard to get the best of the education. So to give this education free to some students would be an injustice on the part of the others. Therefore, from my perspective education should not be given by the universities free of cost. In my opinion, if the students will not pay for their education then who would pay for that, is a big question that requires an immediate solution. Thus it can create further confusions in the society. For example, if the government would pay for students' education then they will extract the money from public only by increasing the taxes and this can further complicate the situation. Another reason is that to get education from good universities students usually take some kinds of loans, which I feel, make them more serious towards their studies and responsible so that they can clear the debts in future. Therefore, education received by giving money stands more value to them as they have sacrificed something to get that education. The third reason is that the money universities take from the students is used by the universities for the upliftment of the university's standard only. The university utilize this money to pay the teachers, to introduce most recent advances in all the aspects of education like getting new equipments in laboratories, building new classes with more advanced technologies, new books for the libraries, new hostels etc. Nevertheless, the proc ess of financial support through Bank Loans, Philanthropic Trusts, Corporate Social Responsibility funds and a National kitty should be augmented and structured and worthy candidates screened well through a competency based selection process should be supported. Making higher education free for all will only dilute the standard of education. The impact of this on society at large is not difficult to visualize. We just need to think about Doctors, Engineers, Pilots, Architects and Pharmacists, to just name a few, who may come out from our colleges with free education, where they have not put anything on stake, participated wholly in all kinds of college level politics and hooliganism, and then sit down to treat serious patients or build bridges, buildings and industries, or fly an aircraft with hundreds of lives at stake or even make medicines with complex chemicals only to damage the lives of so many innocent citizens, who have trusted their University degrees. Therefore , in my opinion universities should not provide education for free because the amount they get from the students is used for the welfare of the students only because it has been seen before also that universities that provide education for free are lower in standards compared to universities taking an appropriate amount of money from the students. I believe, that there is no good thing that we can get for free in the world.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Resume Revision Essay
MANAGEMENT PROFILE Accomplished Professional Wine Industry Executive with 20+ years of sales experience in the wine industry leveraging efficient and effective business solutions while increasing revenue and profits.à A Dynamic Sales Team Leader with a proven track record for significantly enhancing company operations utilizing strong analytical skills and demonstrating expertise in management, sales, and marketing.à In-depth knowledge of budget creation and new sales development, utilizing critical thinking skills while consistently achieving sales goals.à Solid ability to adapt to a highly competitive market. Key Strengths & Expertise Marketing ââ¬â Brand Management Public Relations General Management Business Planning Client Relations Sales Force Leadership Strategic Planning P&L Responsibility Operations Management Sales Territory Development SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS Successfully increased annual revenues grossing over $4 million as a result of cultivating and maintaining sales relationships for key customer accounts. Doubled sales and customers in the first year through implementation of effective sales strategies. Significantly increased revenues in the first year by more than 114% from 2006 to 2007. After the first year as Sales Director, significantly increased clients from 30 to over 200. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Mistral Barrels Inc., Sonoma, Californiaà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2006-Present General Manager / Sales Director Managed and directed all sales of wine barrels and oak alternatives for North America. Developed market strategies and directed Regional and National Sales Teams. Created marketing strategies for the development of two barrel brands and oak alternatives. Developed sales & projection goals for the sales team and managed key customer accounts. Developed public relations and marketing with Wine Business Monthly, Wines & Vines, and Practical Winery magazines. As a result of effective sales strategies, significantly increased revenues in the first year by more than 114% and clients from 30 to over 200 from 2006 to 2007. à KEN SEYMOURà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à Page Two à PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE à (Continued) Kelvin Cooperage, Louisville, Kentuckyà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 2003-2005 Sales Manager Developed sales for the West Coast and Pacific Northwest wine barrel market. Successfully achieved sales through direct visits to winemakers and purchasing managers as a result of implementing effective sales strategies. As a result, doubled sales and customers in the first year. Managed Sales Agent in Canada to include sales training of all products, and developing sales strategies and goals. Canton Wood Products, Santa Rosa, Californiaà à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à 1994-1993 North America Sales Director Originally worked as the sole Sales Representative for the entire US wine market for the sale of oak wine barrels and oak alternatives. Successfully achieved sales goals and was promoted in 1997 to the position of North America Sales Director. Managed and led sales team in the development of sales throughout North America. Cultivated and maintained sales relationships with key customer accounts and consistently grossed over 4 million dollars in annual revenues. Developed and maintained the operating budget for North America Sales Office. Reported quarterly sales reports to the company Board of Directors in France. Demptos Glass (Agent for Canton Wood Products & Tonnellerie Boutes), Napa California à à 1991-1994 Cork Associates (Agent for Canton Wood Products & Tonnellerie Boutes), Napa Californiaà 1990-1991 Barrel Builder (Agent for Canton Wood Products & Tonnellerie Boutes), Calistoga, Californiaà à à à à à à à à 1988-1989 Sales Representative Sold oak wine barrels throughout the United States as a Sales Representative of Canton Wood Products and Tonnellerie Boutes. EDUCATION University of California Davis, Davis, California Home Winemaking Course, 2005 Certificate in Winemaking, 1999 Santa Rosa, Marin, San Mateo, De Anza, & Hawthorne Junior Colleges Approximately 60 units in General Education & Viticulture, 1989-1996 COMPUTER SKILLS Wordà ¨Excel à ¨PowerPoint à ¨QuickBooks à ¨ ACT
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Apa Written Essay
Apa Written Essay Apa Written Essay The Legalization of Illegal Drugs and Its Impact on American Society February 6, 2013 Abstract The Legalization of Illegal Drugs and Its Impact on American Society Americaââ¬â¢s war on drugs may have just become a little confusing to its citizens, because on November 6th of 2012, voters in Washington State approved a law allowing the recreational use and possession of an illegal drug, Marijuana. It is known as Initiative 502 and went into effect on December 6th of 2012. How will this law ultimately affect American society as a whole? To truly grasp the impact, whether positive or negative, a better understanding of the drug and its effects must be known. Why has Marijuana been classified, alongside heroin, as a schedule 1 drug by the Drug Enforcement Agency? How have societyââ¬â¢s and healthcare professionalââ¬â¢s views changed in the time during which Marijuana was made legal for medicinal use? Cannabis Sativa, the plant from which marijuana is derived, has had many uses throughout history. Use can be traced back to ancient cultures, when the plant was first grown for the benefit of its strong fibers used to make string, rope, and paper. The seeds were utilized by some of the Chinese population to make oil used for medical purposes. (Zuardi) Historically in Europe, cannabis seeds were burned ritualistically at funerals and the vapors were inhaled for euphoric purposes. (Zuardi) The active ingredient, Ãâ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or THC, accounts for both the physical and psychotropic effects of cannabis. Physical symptoms of use include increased heart rate and fluctuations in blood pressure. Cannabis use has been associated with decreased pulmonary function, chronic obstructive airway diseases, and pulmonary infections in those who smoke it regularly. (Leung, 2011) Marijuana is also known to cause effects that include: euphoria, anxiety, psychomotor retardation, and impairment of cognition and memory. The Controlled Substances Act administered by the Drug Enforcement Administration classifies all drugs according to a certain criteria. These criteria include: its actual or relative potential for abuse; scientific evidence of its pharmacological effect; the state of current scientific knowledge regarding the drug or other substance; its history and current pattern of abuse; the scope, duration, and significance of abuse; what, if any, risk there is to the public health; its psychic or physiological dependence liability; and whether the substance is an immediate precursor of a substance already controlled (Title 21, 2007.) Marijuana is currently classified as a Schedule 1 drug as it has met these three criteria for placement: it has a high potential for abuse, it currently has no accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and if has a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision (FDA News, 2006.) Cannabis has not yet been assessed by the US Food and Dru g Administration and controlled trials are needed to determine side effects of the drug before deeming it safe to any individual (Marciano). People must know what the outcome will be when they put any substance into their body, whether negative or positive and all drugs have side effects. Marijuana is still illegal under federal law and those that grow or sell it under state law, can be arrested by the federal government. Medical marijuana was legalized in Washington State in 2007. For many of those with a terminal illness or chronic pain, this was seen as a godsend. Healthcare practitioners were given the right to authorize the use and write a prescription for those afflicted with conditions such as: nausea, vomiting, and cachexia associated with cancer, HIV-positive status, AIDS, hepatitis C, anorexia, and their treatments; severe muscle spasms associated with multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and other seizure and spasticity disorders; acute or chronic glaucoma; Crohn's disease; and other forms of intractable pain (Chapter 69.51A RCW.)
Monday, October 21, 2019
Free Essays on Treasure Mountain
Throughout the classic western, Treasure Mountain, written by Louis Lââ¬â¢Amour, the main character goes through many internal and external conflicts. The author portrays his themes in more of a straightforward manner as opposed to using any type of symbolism or metaphor. The novel revolves around Orrin Sackett, a lawyer in the late 1800ââ¬â¢s. He lived in the northern portion of the country. He learns his father has died while on a gold mining trip in New Orleans. Instead of using indirect characterization to show a characterââ¬â¢s state of mind, Lââ¬â¢Amour uses an omniscient point of view to assure the reader that the characterââ¬â¢s suspicisions are genuine. Orrin has his own theories regarding his fatherââ¬â¢s mysterious death and plans to investigate them further. Orrin theorizes his father and those who have accompanied him to New Orleans found gold. Being a fair person, he knows his father would have taken his share and handed the remainder over the rightful owners. When the other members of the mining party return North empty handed, Orrin thinks they killed his father for his share of the gold and buried all of the gold with the intent of returning to the mountain to retrieve it. Lââ¬â¢Amour avoids complex flashbacks, but the events are narrated in chronological order in an attempt to keep the reader involved in the action at the present moment. Sackett travels to New Orleans where he stays with his brother, all the while searching for clues about his father. On his search, he finds his theory is correct. The men he suspected of killing his father were guilty. Orrin went to New Orleans with the intent of seeking revenge on those involved in his fatherââ¬â¢s murder. However as circumstances would have it, each of these individuals met with an untimely death leaving the unclaimed gold to be found by Orrin and his brother. Here the absence of symbolism and flashback assure the reader that the tone is positively and presently dangerous. As ... Free Essays on Treasure Mountain Free Essays on Treasure Mountain Throughout the classic western, Treasure Mountain, written by Louis Lââ¬â¢Amour, the main character goes through many internal and external conflicts. The author portrays his themes in more of a straightforward manner as opposed to using any type of symbolism or metaphor. The novel revolves around Orrin Sackett, a lawyer in the late 1800ââ¬â¢s. He lived in the northern portion of the country. He learns his father has died while on a gold mining trip in New Orleans. Instead of using indirect characterization to show a characterââ¬â¢s state of mind, Lââ¬â¢Amour uses an omniscient point of view to assure the reader that the characterââ¬â¢s suspicisions are genuine. Orrin has his own theories regarding his fatherââ¬â¢s mysterious death and plans to investigate them further. Orrin theorizes his father and those who have accompanied him to New Orleans found gold. Being a fair person, he knows his father would have taken his share and handed the remainder over the rightful owners. When the other members of the mining party return North empty handed, Orrin thinks they killed his father for his share of the gold and buried all of the gold with the intent of returning to the mountain to retrieve it. Lââ¬â¢Amour avoids complex flashbacks, but the events are narrated in chronological order in an attempt to keep the reader involved in the action at the present moment. Sackett travels to New Orleans where he stays with his brother, all the while searching for clues about his father. On his search, he finds his theory is correct. The men he suspected of killing his father were guilty. Orrin went to New Orleans with the intent of seeking revenge on those involved in his fatherââ¬â¢s murder. However as circumstances would have it, each of these individuals met with an untimely death leaving the unclaimed gold to be found by Orrin and his brother. Here the absence of symbolism and flashback assure the reader that the tone is positively and presently dangerous. As ...
Sunday, October 20, 2019
History of the Yellow Star Inscribed With Jude
History of the Yellow Star Inscribed With Jude The yellow star, inscribed with the word Jude (Jew in German), has become a symbol of Nazi persecution. Its likeness abounds upon Holocaust literature and materials. But the Jewish badge was not instituted in 1933 when Hitler came to power. It was not instituted in 1935 when the Nuremberg Laws stripped Jews of their citizenship. It was still not implemented by Kristallnacht in 1938. The oppression and labeling of the Jews by use of the Jewish badge did not begin until after the start of the Second World War. And even then, it began as local laws rather than as a unified Nazi policy. Whether Nazis Where First to Implement a Jewish Badge The Nazis rarely had an original idea. Almost always what made the Nazi policies different was that they intensified, magnified, and institutionalized age-old methods of persecution. The oldest reference to using mandatory articles of clothing to identify and distinguish Jews from the rest of society was in 807 CE. In this year, Abbassid caliph Haroun al-Raschid ordered all Jews to wear a yellow belt and a tall, cone-like hat.1 But it was in 1215 that the Fourth Lateran Council, presided over by Pope Innocent III, made its infamous decree. Canon 68 declared: Jews and Saracens [Muslims] of both sexes in every Christian province and at all times shall be marked off in the eyes of the public from other peoples through the character of their dress.2 This Council represented all of Christendom and thus this decree was to be enforced throughout all of the Christian countries. The use of a badge was not instantaneous throughout Europe nor were the dimensions or shape of the badge uniform. As early as 1217, King Henry III of England ordered Jews to wear on the front of their upper garment the two tablets of the Ten Commandments made of white linen or parchment.3 In France, local variations of the badge continued until Louis IX decreed in 1269 that both men and women were to wear badges on the outer garment, both front and back, round pieces of yellow felt or linen, a palm long and four fingers wide.4 In Germany and Austria, Jews were distinguishable in the latter half of the 1200s when the wearing of a horned hat otherwise known as a Jewish hat - an article of clothing that Jews had worn freely before the crusades - became mandatory. It wasnt until the fifteenth century when a badge became the distinguishing article in Germany and Austria. The use of badges became relatively widespread throughout Europe within a couple of centuries and continued to be used as distinctive markings until the age of Enlightenment. In 1781, Joseph II of Austria made major torrents into the use of a badge with his Edict of Tolerance and many other countries discontinued their use of badges very late in the eighteenth century. When the Nazis Decided to Re-Use the Jewish Badge The first reference to a Jewish badge during the Nazi era was made by the German Zionist leader, Robert Weltsch. During the Nazi declared boycott upon Jewish stores on April 1, 1933, yellow Stars of David were painted on windows. In reaction to this, Weltsch wrote an article entitled Tragt ihn mit Stolz, den gelben Fleck (Wear the Yellow Badge with Pride) which was published on April 4, 1933. At this time, Jewish badges had yet even to be discussed among the top Nazis. It is believed that the first time that the implementation of a Jewish badge was discussed among the Nazi leaders was right after Kristallnacht in 1938. At a meeting on November 12, 1938, Reinhard Heydrich made the first suggestion about a badge. But it wasnt until after the Second World War began in September 1939 that individual authorities implemented a Jewish badge in the Nazi German-occupied territories of Poland. For instance, on November 16, 1939, the order for a Jewish badge was announced in Lodz. We are returning to the Middle Ages. The yellow patch once again becomes a part of Jewish dress. Today an order was announced that all Jews, no matter what age or sex, have to wear a band of Jewish-yellow, 10 centimeters wide, on their right arm, just below the armpit.5 Various locales within occupied Poland had their own regulations about size, color, and shape of the badge to be worn until Hans Frank made a decree that affected all of the Government General in Poland. On November 23, 1939, Hans Frank, the chief officer of the Government General, declared that all Jews above ten years of age were to wear a white badge with a Star of David on their right arm. It wasnt until nearly two years later that a decree, issued on September 1, 1941, issued badges to Jews within Germany as well as occupied and incorporated Poland. This badge was the yellow Star of David with the word Jude (Jew) and worn on the left side of ones chest. How Implementing the Jewish Badge Helped the Nazis Ofà course, the obvious benefit of the badge to the Nazis was the visual labeling of the Jews. No longer would the rabble only be able to attack and persecute those Jews with stereotypical Jewish features or forms of dress, now all Jews andà part-Jewsà were open to the various Nazi actions. The badge made a distinction. One day there were just people on the street, and the next day, there were Jews and non-Jews. A common reaction was as Gertrud Scholtz-Klinks stated in her answer to the question, What did you think when one day in 1941 you saw so many of your fellow Berliners appear with yellow stars on their coats? Her answer, I dont know how to say it. There were so many. I felt that my aesthetic sensibility was wounded. 6à All of a sudden, stars were everywhere, just like Hitler had said there were. How the Badge Affected Jews At first, many Jews felt humiliated about having to wear the badge. As in Warsaw: For many weeks the Jewish intelligentsia retired to voluntary house arrest. Nobody dared to go out into the street with the stigma on his arm, and if compelled to do so, tried to sneak through without being noticed, in shame and in pain, with his eyes fixed to the ground.7 The badge was an obvious, visual, step back to the Middle Ages, a time before Emancipation. But soon after its implementation, the badge represented more than humiliation and shame, it represented fear. If a Jew forgot to wear their badge they could be fined or imprisoned, but often, it meant beatings or death. Jews came up with ways to remind themselves not to go out without their badge. Posters often could be found at the exit doors of apartments that warned Jews by stating: Remember the Badge! Have you already put on the Badge? The Badge! Attention, the Badge! Before leaving theà building,à put on the Badge! But remembering to wear the badge was not their only fear. Wearing the badge meant that they were targets for attacks and that they could be grabbed for forced labor. Many Jews attempted to hide the badge. When the badge was a white armband with a Star of David, men and women would wear white shirts or blouses. When the badge was yellow and worn on the chest, Jews would carry objects and hold them in such a way as to cover their badge. To make sure that Jews could be easily noticed, some local authorities added additional stars to be worn on the back and even on one knee. But those werent the only rules. And, actually, what made the fear of the badge even greater were the other innumerable infractions for which Jews could be punished. Jews could be punished for wearing a creased orà foldedà badge. They could be punished for wearing their badge a centimeter out of place. They could be punished for attaching the badge using a safety pin rather than sewing it onto their clothing.9 The use of safety pins was an effort to conserve badges and yet give themselves flexibility in outfits. Jews were required to wear a badge on their outer clothing - thus, at least on their dress or shirt and on their overcoat. But often, the material for badges or the badges themselves were scarce, so the number of dresses or shirts that one owned far exceeded the availability of badges. In order to wear more than one dress or shirt all the time, Jews would safety pin a badge onto their clothing for easy transfer of the badge to the next days clothing. The Nazis did not like the practice of safety pinning for they believed it was so the Jews could easily take off their star if danger seemed near. And it very often was. Under the Nazi regime, Jews were constantly in danger. Up to the time when Jewish badges were implemented, uniform persecution against the Jews could not be accomplished. With the visual labeling of Jews, the years of haphazard persecution quickly changed to organized destruction. References 1. Joseph Telushkin,à Jewish Literacy: The Most Important Things to Know About the Jewish Religion, Its People, and Its Historyà (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1991) 163.2. The Fourth Lateran Council of 1215: Decree Concerning the Garb Distinguishing Jews from Christians, Canon 68 as quoted in Guido Kisch, The Yellow Badge in History,à Historia Judaicaà 4.2 (1942): 103.3. Kisch, Yellow Badge 105.4. Kisch, Yellow Badge 106.5. Dawid Sierakowiak,à The Diary of Dawid Sierakowiak: Five Notebooks from the Lodz Ghettoà (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996) 63.6. Claudia Koonz,à Mothers in the Fatherland: Women, the Family, and Nazi Politicsà (New York: St. Martins Press, 1987) xxi.7. Lieb Spizman as quoted in Philip Friedman,à Roads to Extinction: Essays on the Holocaustà (New York: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1980) 24.8. Friedman,à Roads to Extinctionà 18.9. Friedman,à Roads to Extinctionà 18. Sources Friedman, Philip. Roads to Extinction: Essays on the Holocaust. New York: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1980.Kisch, Guido. The Yellow Badge in History. Historia Judaica 4.2 (1942): 95-127.Koonz, Claudia. Mothers in the Fatherland: Women, the Family, and Nazi Politics. New York: St. Martins Press, 1987.Sierakowiak, Dawid. The Diary of Dawid Sierakowiak: Five Notebooks from theà Lodz Ghetto. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.Straus, Raphael. The Jewish Hat as an Aspect of Social History. Jewish Social Studies 4.1 (1942): 59-72.Telushkin, Joseph. Jewish Literacy: The Most Important Things to Know About the Jewish Religion, Its People, and Its History. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1991.
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Piano Sonata in D Major Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Piano Sonata in D Major - Essay Example I have chosen to evaluate the different musical elements embedded in this composition because I have always been an admirer of Mozart. Since this composition is considered one of his best works, I find it very interesting and analyzing it is something that I will enjoy. The sonata was divided into 3 distinct movements. Each movement possessed different elements of music such as rhythm and melody, color and texture, and form and harmony. However, it should be noted that these differences only highlights the musical and aesthetic value of the piece. The first movement allegro, meaning fast, is written in a strict sonata form. The sonata form is founded around 1770 and eventually became popular and widely utilized in musical composition during the turn of the 19th century. The beginning movement is divided into 3 sections: the exposition; the development; and the recap. In the exposition, Mozart introduces the first and secondary theme which is also known as the main melody. Next, the development section in which the material presented in the exposition is expanded. In this section, remote chords are introduced. Finally, the movement ends with the recapitulation. The material used in the exposition was re-stated in the home key of the piece following an ABA form. The fir The first movement also portrays a thick orchestral texture. Mozart used double thirds, remarkable scales and tremolos to create beautiful melodic line which is sometimes located in the left hand. The left hand octaves resemble the effect of woodwinds, violins, and the vigorous bowing of the celli and double-basses resulting to create an orchestral effect. Though having a thick orchestral texture, Mozart was still able to control and maintain the serenity and elegance of the music which best characterized his musical style. The Second Movement The following movement, a Rondeau en Polonaise in Andante (meaning slow in tempo), is an elegant structure whose lively thematic melody is embellished every time it returns. In this movement, Mozart used a Polonaise as another material for his composition in which during his time resembles a stately procession. The Third Movement The concluding movement, Tema con variazioni(Theme and Variations) is regarded as one of the finest compositions of Mozart in this genre. The theme was modified in to twelve remarkable variations. Although Mozart altered the theme, he maintained that the thematic idea would still be present and aurally recognizable. The underlying accompaniment of the left hand followed the traces of harmonic progressions stated in the original theme. The emergence of dissonances in each variation which somehow created a new harmony made it quite different. Each of the twelve variations that he wrote based on the original theme can be considered as a best reference for composers and arrangers. The variations exploit a lot of musical and technical devises such as virtuosic runs, crossing of hands, octave doubling and the use of parallel minor key in variation 7, remarkable alberti base and many more. The aria like penultimate variation is the most interesting among the twelve variat
Friday, October 18, 2019
Becton Dickinson Company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Becton Dickinson Company - Assignment Example If the company were to have a global policy, it should state that company policy prohibits BD employees from soliciting or accepting gifts or gratuities from suppliers or any interest that the company works with. Connected to that, gifts and gratuities should not be sent to BD employees. Gifts and gratuities are either cash or non-cash awards that do not appear on supplier contracts. BD and its employees can only accept payments that are spelled out in such contracts; any other gifts, gratuities, or payments will be rejected. What is not clear from this policy, though, are business meals ââ¬â which are a necessary part of doing business, but they should not be lavish or frequent. On the subject of ââ¬Å"facilitating paymentsâ⬠, BD should not prohibit them unless the laws of the specific country do. If BD does need to make a facilitating payment, it must state that it will do so in its contract with the recipient of that payment. The process of dealing with distributors, con sultants, and other third parties should be transparent to leadership in each country such that individuals in charge of those relationships are held accountable for their dealings with these other parties. If wrongdoing is discovered, BD should act consistently with its policy to not tolerate corruption. Consistent with the approach of outlining a general, compliant global policy at a corporate level and then leaving much latitude to local entities in carrying it out, responsibility for communicating, monitoring, and enforcing the policy is shared between the corporate and local groups.
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